evaluation of antmicrobial effect of zataria multiflora boiss. essential oil on food-borne pathogens in minced beef combining real time-pcr and propidium monoazide

recently, real-time pcr in combination with pma has successfully been applied to discriminate between live escherichia coli o157:h7 and dead bacteria killed by cumin, clove, oregano and cinnamon eos. in this study, initial experiments were performed in order to elucidate the minimum bactericidal concentration of zataria multiflora eo on e. coli o157:h7, salmonella enterica and listeria monocytogenes. thereafter pma-qpcr was applied in order to selectively quantify life cells within a bacterial population treated with z. multiflora eo. inactivation was obtained at eo concentrations of 0.02, 0.035, 0.045 for l. monocytogenes, e. coli o157:h7 and s. enterica, respectively. l. monocytogenes were totally killed in 30 min while it took 1 h 30 min for the gram negative pathogens. as a conclusion z. multiflora eo has potential as natural food additive or biopreservative since it was able to irreversibly inactivate the three pathogens tested, at lower concentrations than other eos and short exposition times. in addition, the pma-qpcr approach proved efficient to selectively detect live pathogenic bacteria in raw minced beef following inactivation with z. multiflora eo.keywords: zataria multiflora boiss., minced beef, pma-qpcr, biopreservative